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Organotypic Model of Carcinogeneis and Chemoprevention

Benbrook, D.M. Organotypic Cultures Represent Tumor Microenvironment for Drug Testing. (2006) Drug Discovery Today, Disease Models. 2:143-148.

Benbrook, D.M., Lightfoot, S., Ranger-Moore, J., Liu, T., Berry, W., Dozmorov, I. (2008) Karyometric and Gene Expression Analysis in an Organotypic Model of Endometrial Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention. Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, 2: 1-22.

Kamelle, S., Sienko, A., Benbrook, D.M. (2002) A Hormonally Responsive Model of Cycling Endometrium. Fertility & Sterility, 78 (3): 596-602.

Drug Development

Flexible Heteroarotinoids:

Myers, T., Chengedza, S., Lightfoot, S., Pan, Y., Dedmond, D., Cole, L., Tang, Y., Benbrook, D.M. (2008) Flexible Heteroarotinoid (Flex-Het) SHetA2 inhibits angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Investigational New Drugs, Published online: 18 September 2008. http://www.springerlink.com/content/aj864j6707w47513/fulltext.pdf

Liu, T., Hannafon, B., Gill, L., Kelly, W., Benbrook, D.M. (2007) Flex-Hets differentially induce apoptosis in cancer over normal cells by directly targeting mitochondria. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics, 6: 1814-1822.

Liu, S., Brown, C.W., Berlin, K.D., Dhar, A., Guruswamy, S., Brown, D., Gardner, G.J., Birrer, M., J., & Benbrook, D.M. (2004) Synthesis of flexible sulfur-containing heteroarotinoids that induce apoptosis and reactive oxygen species with discrimination between malignant and benign cells. J. Med. Chem., 47: 999-1007.

Brown, C.S., Liu, S, Klucik, J., Brown, C.W., Berlin, K. D., Brennan, P.J., Devinder, K., Benbrook, D.M. (2004) Novel heteroarotinoids as potential antagonists of Mycobacterium Bovis BCG. J. Med. Chem, 47: 1008-1017.

Mic, F. A., Molotkov, A., Benbrook, D. M., and Duester, G. (2003) Retinoid activation of RAR but not RXR is sufficient for mouse embryonic development. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 100: 7135-7140.

Chun, K.-H., Benbrook, D. M., Berlin, K. D., Honk, W. K., and Lotan, R. (2003) Induction of apoptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines by heteroarotinoids through a mitochondrial dependent pathway. Cancer Research, 63: 3826-3832.

First Generation Retinoid Heteroarotinoids:

Benbrook, D.M., Madler, M.M., Spruce, L.W., Birckbichler, P., Nelson, E.C., Subramanian, S., Weerasekare, G.M., Gale, J.B., Patterson, Jr., M.K., Wang, B., Wang, W., Lu, S., Rowland, T.C., DiSilvestro, P., Berlin, K.D., Lindamood, C., Hill, D.L. (1997) Biologically active heteroarotinoids exhibit anticancer activity and decreased toxicity. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 40: 3567-3583.

Dhar,A., Liu,S., Berlin, K.D., Madler, M.M., Ivey, R.T., Birckbichler, P.J., Lu, S., Zacheis, D., Brown, C.W., Klucik, J., Nelson, E.C., Benbrook, D.M. (1999) Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of Nitrogen Heteroarotinoids. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 42: 3602-3614.

Zacheis, D., Dhar, A., Lu, S., Madler, M.M., Klucik, J. Brown, C.w., Liu, S., Clement, F., Subramanian, S., Weerasekare, G.M., Berlin, K.D., Gold, M., Houck, J.R., Fountain, K.R., Benbrook, D.M. (1999) Heteroarotinoids inhibit the growth of head and neck cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo through both RAR and RXR retinoic acid receptors. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 42: 4434-4445.

Heterocycle-Containing Retinoids:

Simoni, D., Roberti, M.,^” Invidiata, F.P., Rondanin, R., Baruchello, R., Malagutti, C., Mazzali, A., Rossi, M., Grimaudo, S., Dusonchet, L., Meli, M., Raimondi, M.V., Landino, M., D’Alessandro, N., Tolomeo, M., Dhar, A., Lu, S. Benbrook, D.M. (2001) Heterocycle-Containing Retinoids. Discovery of a Novel Isoxazole Arotinoid Possessing Potent Apoptotic Activity in Multidrug and Drug-Induced Apoptosis Resistant Cells. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 44:2308-2318.

Translational Research

McMeekin, D.S., Sill, M.W., Darcy, K.M., Stearns-Kurosawa, D.J., Eaton, L., Yamada, J., Benbrook, D.M. (2007)A phase II trial of thalidomide in patients with persistent or recurrent endometrial cancer and correlation with angiogenesis biomarkers: A Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Gynecologic Oncology, 105: 508-516.

Benbrook, D.M., Karlan B.Y. Promise and Problems of Translational Research. (2006) Gynecologic Oncology. 103: S14–S17

Older Publications

Benbrook, D.M. & Jones, N.C. (1990) The Heterodimerization of Creb and Jun. Oncogene, 5: 295-302.

Benbrook, D.M., Lu, S., Flanagan, C., Shen-Gunther, J., Angros, L.H., Lightfoot, S.A. (1997) Biological assay for activity and molecular mechanism of retinoids in cervical tumor cells. Gynecological Oncology, 66: 114-121.