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| 1. "Mining" Genome and 3-D Structure Information |
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deduce function based on sequence information (related genes, families)
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use genes and gene products as drugs (limited)
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get all subunits of all classes of a protein; check for differences, similarities that may tell roles in the cell
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find all motifs, folds, & domains from crystal and NMR structures that perform certain functions - use to build "new" structures with useful designer functions
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| 2. Mapping |
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"pre-genomics" used positional cloning or pedigree analysis, chromosome markers
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with genomics and SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms), pedigree analysis of selected families with disease (fast!)
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| 3. Expression Profiling |
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cDNA or oligonucleotide arrays in various states of disease, tissue or tumor - use as probes or to find leads into the problem
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| 4. Comparative Genomics |
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compare pathways in various organisms
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find basic cellular processes and signal transduction pathways established early in and conserved during evolution
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use genetically modifiable or pliant model (e.g. C. elegans worm, Drosophila fly) organisms to discover pathways and genes involved then go to human genes / pathways (can quickly grow large numbers and easily mutate/alter the model organisms)
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| 5. Screening Technologies |
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HTS (High Throughput Screening) - integration of technologies to rapidly assay thousands of compounds for bioactivity. Find a lead or active molecule that can be improved using very small amounts of reagents.
a. high density microplates (96 wells; 1,536 wells) |
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Return to College Education and Training |
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