Retropubic Suspension

Retropubic suspension procedures include several different techniques through low abdominal incision. All techniques elevate the lower urinary tract, particularly the urethrovesical junction, within the retropubic space. The procedures differ according to what structures are used to achieve the elevation. For the Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz procedure, the periurethral tissue is approximated to the symphysis pubis. For the Burch colposuspension, the vaginal wall lateral to the urethra and bladder neck is elevated toward Cooper's ligament. The paravaginal repair involves reapproximating the endopelvic fascia to the pelvic wall at the arcus tendineus.